In this article the information about the relationship between Central Asia and China is mentioned in the earliest сhinese sources. In particular, during the Han dynasty, which ruled China for more than 400 years, it maintained several of political - diplomatic relations with Usun state. The Han dynasty pursued kinship diplomacy with the Usun kings in order to govern the western territories and find an ally against the Hun’s empire. Gives the Chinese princesses to the Usun kings. According kinship diplomacy relations between the two countries will be stable for a long time. Later the Han court supported princes born from Chinese princesses to the Usun throne. Through such ties with the Usun state, it exerts political influence over a number of western states. Also tried to take control of the Great Silk Road, which going north and south of the Taklamakan desert.