Keeping in view the importance of Kazakhstan as an energy exporter and the largest trade partner of India in Central Asia region, the structure of comparative advantage enjoyed by India and Kazakhstan in each other’s market has been examined for the period of 1995- 2010. For this Balassa’s Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) has been used. Indian exports enjoying a comparative advantage in Kazakhstan are textiles; chemical products; coffee, tea etc. On the other hand, republic has a comparative advantage in primarily two sectors only i.e. mineral products and metals. While increasing trade cooperation during the study period reveals the opportunity for higher bilateral trade in future. This would reduce cost and enhance the benefits for both the countries. Therefore, just before fully utilizing India’s potential to contribute in transition of Kazakhstan and Kazakhstan’s ability to provide the energy resources to India, it is required that the process of bilateral cooperation gets a boost.